Adverse childhood experiences: a retrospective study to understand their associations with lifetime mental health diagnosis, self-harm or suicide attempt, and current low mental wellbeing in a male Welsh prison population

Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for current low mental wellbeing (MWB; Scores ≤19.59)

	Demographics and ACE count only			Including historical mental health measures
		Model 1			Model 2
	AOR	95% CIs	P	AOR	95% CIs	P
Age group (years)
18–20	0.58	0.26–1.32	0.195	0.73	0.31–1.72	0.475
21–24	0.56	0.29–1.10	0.090	0.57	0.28–1.16	0.119
25–29	0.70	0.38–1.29	0.250	0.77	0.41–1.46	0.430
30–39	0.74	0.42–1.30	0.297	0.77	0.43–1.38	0.378
40+	Ref		0.446	Ref		0.635
Qualifications
No qualifications	2.44	0.91–6.56	0.078	2.48	0.90–6.86	0.080
Secondary school	1.71	0.64–4.59	0.284	1.62	0.59–4.47	0.348
College/6th form	1.29	0.46–3.60	0.624	1.22	0.43–3.50	0.708
Higher education	Ref		0.930	Ref		0.071
Ethnicity
White	2.20	1.13–4.26	0.020	1.65	0.83–3.28	0.155
ACE count
0	Ref		< 0.001	Ref		0.033
1	2.00	0.85–4.68	0.110	1.97	0.82–4.73	0.129
2–3	1.74	0.76–4.01	0.193	1.50	0.63–3.55	0.361
≥ 4	4.35	2.08–9.08	< 0.001	2.75	1.27–5.98	0.010
Lifetime mental illness diagnosis				2.21	1.33–3.65	0.002
Lifetime self-harm				1.63	0.91–2.95	0.104
Lifetime suicide attempt				1.22	0.68–2.22	0.506

Model 1 includes demographics and ACE count, model 2 includes demographics, ACE count, lifetime mental illness, self-harm or suicide attempt. Reference category for ethnicity = other; ACE Adverse childhood experience, Ref Reference category

ISSN: 2194-7899